Cultivator



(No Model.)

L. S. ORITTENDEN.

OULTIVATOR.

Patented July 22, 1890.

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LOUIS S. CRITTENDEN, .OF OANASERAGA, NEl V YORK.

CULTIVATOR.

SPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 432,818, dated July 22, 1890.

I Application filed December 23, 1889- Serial No. 334,711. (No model.)

Toall whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS S. CRITTENDEN,

ful Improvements in Cultivators, of which the following is a specification, reference beinghad therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention has relation to certain new and useful improvements in cultivators; and it has'for its object, among others, to provide an improved form of tooth and mechanism for adjusting the width of the space between the rows of corn or other plants.-

The novelty resides in the peculiarity of construction,the combinations,arrangements,

and adaptation of parts, all as more fully hereinafter described, shown in the drawings, and p then particularly pointed out in the appended claim.

Heretofore it has been the more frequent practice to so construct the tooth-standard and tooth as to throw the earth in a furrow, the tooth or plow being arranged at various angles relatively to the length of the standard. This has been found objectionable for the reason that small roots which are cut off by the action of the tooth are buried beneath the earth, which is piled upon each side of the path of the tooth, and soon take root again. I so construct my standard and arrange the tooth that the earth is removed without being thrown in a heap upon each side of the path of the tooth, whereby any roots that are cut oif and thrown up will not be buried beneath the earth, but will be left exposed to the sun, by which they are soon killed. I round the front face of my standard, so as to offer the least obstruction to the earth loosened by the tooth.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which, with the letters of reference marked thereon, form a part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a top plan of my improved cultivator, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinalvertical section upon the line 00 00 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail, hereinafter referred to.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in both figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings by letter, A represents a central beam carrying at its forward end a cultivator-standard A, which upon its front face or vertical side is rounded, as shown at a in Fig. 3 to near its lower end, where it is formed with a shoulder a, so as to offer as little resistance as possible to the earth loosened by the tooth.

B is a tooth designed to be detachably secured to the standard, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, with its upper edge bearing against the shoulder a of the standard, the bearing-face of the standard and the tooth upon the standard being at any desired incline to the perpendicular, as shown. The shank of the stan dard is so connected with the beam A that the standard may be readily turned so as to throw the furrow either to the right or left. Although I have shown but one standard and tooth upon this central beam A, I may employ more, if desired.

0 O are beams, which carry a plurality of standards and teeth, preferably similar to the standard Aand tooth B,and connectedwith the beams in a similar manner, so that they may be readily turned so as to throw the furrow either to the right or left, as desired. These beams are pivotally connected at their forward ends, as at O, with the transverse bar D, secured to the beam A, preferably by being fitted in a mortise therein, as shown in Fig.2. To the rear of the center of this beam 0 there is attached to each beam in any manner, preferably, however, by being secured in a mortise therein at substantially the thickness of said beam, a curved arm E, said arm tapering or diminishing in thickness from their connection with the beams toward their free ends. These arms are arranged to work or slide one upon the other within a suitable aperture F in the central beam, the said aperture and arms being so arranged in relation to each other that the arms can freely move upon each other within the aperture as the beams are moved toward or from each other, as hereinafter described, the two beams C O and the central beamA having their upper faces upon substantially the same plane.

In order to adjust the width of the beams apart, I provide the following mechanism: Pivot/ed to the rear end of the central beam A, as at G, is the operating-lever G, provided with a suitable handle, as shown, and to the end of the short arm of this lever is pivoted one end of the link H, as at H, the other end of said link or arm H being secured to the adjacent beam 0, as at I, and at its other end pivotally connected, as at I with the operating-lever G at a point between its pivot and operating end, as shown. The manipulation of this lever will automatically cause the two beams C O to approach or recede from each other, the arms E E, working in their aper-' tures in the central beam, serving as guides therefor.

In order to hold the parts in their adjusted position, 'I provide a curved locking-plate J, which I attach to the extreme rear end of the. central beam A, with its upper edges provided with notches J, into which the operating-lever fits to hold the same in any'of its adjusted positions. Suitable handles K are provided, which are attached to the central beam in the ordinary manner. The wedge shape of the bars E E serves to prevent the partsfrom being injured by being brought together too suddenly.

L is a colter-wheel carried by the standard L and made adjustable vertically and held in its adjusted position by means of a setscrew or other analogous device U, for the purpose of adjusting the colter to regulate the depth of cut of the cultivator-teeth. I deem it important that the inclined portion of the cultivator-standard be very nearly horizonrah-instead of vertical, whereby I obtain bet-' ter results, the tooth enters the ground more,

readily, displaces more soil, and the parts are.

less liable toinjury from strain thereon. (See Fig. 3.)

What I claim is- The cultivator described, consisting of a central beam and the handles secured thereto to the rear of its transverse center, the forward transverse bar D, fitted in a mortise near the forward end of the central beam and proj ecting upon each side thereof, the side beams 0, having bifurcated ends receiving and pivoted to the extended ends of the transverse bar,the curved arms E, extending from adjacent sides or edges of the beam 0 to the rear of their center, tapering from their connection with the beams toward their free ends and working in a mortise in the central beam, the cultivator-standards carried by the beams, the operatingdever G, pivoted on a vertical pivot near the rear end of the central beam,

the links H and I, pivotally connecting the operating-lever upon opposite sides of its pivot with the rear ends of the side'beams O, and the curved notched locking-plate J, secured in a vertical position to the rear end of the central beam to the rear of the connection of the link Iwith the operating-lever, all substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS S. ORI'ITENDEN. Witnesses:

C. L. PRYoR, L. H. CLARK. 

